Couvercles sur toutes sortes de pipes
Pour protéger les vêtements contre les étincelles, le fourneau de la pipe est recouvert d'un simple capuchon depuis le XVIIe siècle. Le couvercle en laiton fin avec un bord coupé autour et fixé avec une chaîne sur le tuyau de la pipe en terre est la forme la plus ancienne. Dans certains cas, il est fixé au bord de la pipe à l'aide d'une charnière.
Le pare-étincelles ou attrape-étincelles en fil de cuivre ou de fer tressé est beaucoup plus courant. On l'appelait travail de prison, car le tressage des bonnets de pipes était un travail typique des prisonniers. La forme en dôme est la plus connue, et il existe également un chapeau haut. Les capuchons purement cylindriques, qui sont principalement destinés aux têtes de pipes en porcelaine, datent de la fin du XIXe siècle. Ils sont usinés et le fil métallique est même soudé mécaniquement. Le fumeur plus aisé utilise un pare-étincelles en argent avec une fine chaîne de sécurité sur sa longue pipe de Gouda, de préférence en forme de casque.
Les plus beaux couvercles se trouvent de loin sur les élégantes pipes d'Europe centrale en bois sculpté. De magnifiques embossages en argent ou des dômes ajourés sont combinés avec les fermoirs les plus imaginatifs. Une autre option est une scène sculptée dans le bois qui est montée comme couvercle dans une monture en argent.
Au XIXe siècle, le bouchon de pipe est devenu un produit industriel. Par exemple, les hauts couvercles s'adaptent parfaitement aux pipes de Chemnitz avec leur fourneau octogonal. Les perforations et les reliefs étaient réalisés à l'aide de poinçonneuses.
Au XXe siècle, la pipe en bruyère n'est dotée d'un couvercle que dans des cas exceptionnels. Il s'agit alors d'un ajout en argent sur les pipes très luxueuses. Sinon, il existe des couvercles à ressort bon marché qui s'adaptent à pratiquement toutes les pipes. Ces couvercles sont destinés à permettre de fumer la pipe à l'extérieur, dans le vent. La fonctionnalité de ce couvercle est sa seule raison d'être, sans aucun effet d'apparance.
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